• br Materials and methods br Results To

  2024-04-30

  

  Materials and methods Results To explore the potential role of autophagy in drug resistance, we firstly performed immunohistochemistry to compare the SR 49059 of p62 in paired primary, metastatic, and recurrent tumor tissues from 26 ovarian cancer patients. The expression of p62 was revealed t

• Roles of Aurora kinases in directly activating

  2024-04-30

  

  Roles of Aurora kinases in directly activating multiple oncogenic pathways and promoting proliferation as well as transformation have also been demonstrated. Aurora-A has been shown to up-regulate telomerase reverse transcriptase mRNA through c-myc [26]. The kinase was also implicated in activating

• Although plant Aurora kinases can be clearly grouped

  2024-04-30

  

  Although plant Aurora kinases can be clearly grouped into functional clades, the roles of the respective clades does not seem to be evolutionarily conserved. AtAurora 1 labels kinetochore microtubules [19], similarly to mammalian Aurora A, while its targeting to the cell plate resembles features of

• The analysis of the profile of protein phosphorylation in

  2024-04-30

  

  The analysis of the profile of protein phosphorylation in MMS-treated Pracinostat confirmed that both the ATM and ATR pathways were activated in S-phase blocked cells. Interestingly, phosphorylation of Chk1 was observed 24h after MMS-treatment both in AT- and ATM-inhibited cells, whilst in the absen

• The lack of benefit in terms of overall survival for

  2024-04-30

  

  The lack of benefit in terms of overall survival for antiangiogenic treatment was similar when antiangiogenic drug was used both as first and second-line therapy, and both in association with cytotoxic treatment or alone. Noteworthy, a trend for an inferior outcome was observed in the group of patie

• br Experimental section br Results and

  2024-04-29

  

  Experimental section Results and discussion Conclusion Acknowledgement This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 81401489), the Shanghai Pujiang Program (17PJ1402800) and the Shanghai Sailing Program (Grant No. 14YF1409000). Introduction

• The amino acids evaluated in

  2024-04-29

  

  The amino acids evaluated in this study represent proteinogenic (amino acids that are applied in the genetic code) or even essential ones (amino acids that cannot be synthesised by the organism and need to be taken up by nutrition). Tryptophan, phenylalanine, tyrosine, isoleucine, threonine and vali

• The specific mechanisms underlying glutamine dependency

  2024-04-29

  

  The specific mechanisms underlying glutamine dependency are still being explored, and current research indicates that the mechanisms likely vary between breast cancer subtypes. In HER2-positive breast cancer, increased levels of the transcriptional activator PGC-1α lead to expression of genes that m

• Overexpression of AR can lead to sorbitol

  2024-04-29

  

  Overexpression of AR can lead to sorbitol accumulation, leading to diabetic complications (Ransohoff and Cardona, 2010). Therefore, AR is an important enzyme in the growth and development of organisms. With the aim of inhibiting the activity of AR in diabetic patients, screening for inhibitors and i

• In glaucoma the primary retinal defect appears in the

  2024-04-29

  

  In glaucoma, the primary retinal defect appears in the GCL, whereas the other retinal layers appear normal (Kendell et al., 1995). In the current work, chronic elevation of IOP induced RGC apoptosis, especially in the GCL, and α2 adrenergic treatment reduced RGC apoptosis. Various studies have repor

• br Transparency document br Introduction G protein coupled r

  2024-04-29

  

  Transparency document Introduction G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) comprise a diverse family of seven transmembrane domain-containing receptors represented by over 800 genes in humans. GPCRs respond to a range of stimuli, including peptides, hormones, growth factors, lipids, odorants, and

• Obesity is defined as a body mass index

  2024-04-29

  

  Obesity is defined as a body mass index (BMI) of 30kg/m2 or higher and is known to have a very close association with the risk of developing cancers (Hsueh and Deng, 2016). Several theories exist as to how this link is defined with respect to various cancers, one of which involves the effect of obes

• Regarding brain tumors AXL has been implicated in

  2024-04-29

  

  Regarding corticosterone tumors, AXL has been implicated in gliomagenesis and chemoresistance [39]. Previous investigations found that AXL is constitutively phosphorylated in many glioma cell lines, murine xenograft tumors and primary patient tumor samples [40]. Immunohistochemical analysis of AXL

• Upregulation of ACLY is common in many cancers Kuhajda Milgr

  2024-04-29

  

  Upregulation of ACLY is common in many cancers (Kuhajda, 2000, Milgraum et al., 1997, Swinnen et al., 2004, Yahagi et al., 2005). This is in part due to the transcriptional activation by SREBP-1 resulting from the activation of the PI3K/AKT pathway in cancers (Kim et al., 2010, Nadler et al., 2001,

• Thus phosphorylation of p was used to

  2024-04-29

  

  Thus, phosphorylation of p38 was used to measure the intracellular potency of ASK1 inhibitors. In this assay, HEK293/AP-1luc Cyclic di-GMP expressing human full-length ASK1 were incubated with compound for 18 h and then lysed and the level of phospho-p38 was quantified using the HTRF assay [33].

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