• Since the cloning of ARs in the beginning

  2023-09-26

  

  Since the cloning of ARs in the beginning of the 1990s, the efforts to characterize them have led to the accumulation of a substantial amount of experimental data. Decades of site-directed mutagenesis (SDM; Box 1) studies, in combination with pharmacological data and computational modeling, have pav

• Introduction Myasthenia gravis MG is

  2023-09-25

  

  Introduction Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by muscle weakness, which is mainly due to autoantibodies reducing the number or function of postsynaptic Adox synthesis receptors (AChRs) [1], [2]. Animal models have been developed to uncover the immunopathogenesis of MG

• Finasteride was the first steroidal reductase inhibitor appr

  2023-09-25

  

  Finasteride (13) was the first steroidal 5α-reductase inhibitor approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 1992 for treatment of BPH. In fact, long term clinical studies with this drug demonstrated a sustained reduction of the prostatic specific antigen and an overall improvement in BH

• While it is known that circulating

  2023-09-25

  

  While it is known that circulating LDL-C levels are largely regulated by either controlling the rate of hepatic production of its triglyceride-rich precursor VLDL particle or the rate of LDLR-mediated LDL particle clearance [58], it should be noted that important differences exist between rodents an

• br Author contributions br Conflicts of interest The authors

  2023-09-25

  

  Author contributions Conflicts of interest The authors declare no competing financial interests. Acknowledgement This work was supported by grants from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (Sonderforschungsbereich/Transregio 166–Project C1 and grant CA 1014/1-1 to D.C.) and the IZKF Würzbur

• Hypoxia of the adipose tissue is a key step

  2023-09-25

  

  Hypoxia of the adipose tissue is a key step in the inflammatory response linked to obesity and contributes to accelerated tumor progression in the obese population (Rosenow et al., 2013). Intermittent hypoxia exposure induces a 2.2-fold increase in the infiltration of tumor-associated macrophages an

• Among steroid saponins ginsenosides are the active component

  2023-09-25

  

  Among steroid saponins, ginsenosides are the active components of ginseng, a well-known chinese medicinal plant. More than hundreds of different ginsenosides have been isolated from ginseng and have shown in the past to be membrane active substances and to influence the membrane by modulating lipid

• Autocrine regulations of several adipokines e g leptin

  2023-09-25

  

  Autocrine regulations of several adipokines (e.g., leptin and resistin) on adipocytes have been reported (Karastergiou and Mohamed-Ali, 2010, Ye et al., 2010). Several lines of evidence have shown that apelin influences adipocyte functions, such as, lipolysis and glucose uptake (Dray et al., 2008, Y

• Although the earlier studies focused on

  2023-09-25

  

  Although the earlier studies focused on the antioxidant capacity of tocopherols, ascorbic abnormal lipid metabolism and carotenoids, then it was noticed that phenolic compounds were more powerful than others (Rice-Evans, Miller, & Paganga, 1996). Phenolic compounds, the most numerous and ubiquitous

• Because antioxidants have a strong radical

  2023-09-25

  

  Because antioxidants have a strong radical scavenging efficiency, a mixture of H2O2 and antioxidants should exhibit a much weaker depolymerization process than H2O2 alone. Therefore, we expected the redox behavior of silver could be affected by the presence of the antioxidant. The schematic diagram

• br Under normal physiological conditions the agonist binds t

  2023-09-25

  

  Under normal physiological conditions, the agonist binds to AT1R on the surface of the plasma membrane and activates the receptor, mediating downstream signaling. Then, activated AT1R is phosphorylated by protein kinase C (PKC) [13] or G protein coupled receptor kinases (GPKs, such as GRK2 [13], G

• Finally microRNAs miRNA seem to play an important

  2023-09-25

  

  Finally, microRNAs (miRNA) seem to play an important role in AR signaling in BC. Some authors have described a differential Fmoc-Gly-OH receptor of miRNAs in AR-positive BCs compared to AR-negative ones. VEGF and mTOR pathways were also reported as implicated in miRNA dysregulation, suggesting a com

• br Conclusions br Material and methods

  2023-09-25

  

  Conclusions Material and methods Conflicts of interest Acknowledgements Introduction Currently more than 30 human proteins are implicated in a range of degenerative disorders owing to their misfolding and misassembly into various aggregate structures and leading to at least 20 serious

• 5 alpha reductase inhibitor Perforation of the surface membr

  2023-09-25

  

  Perforation of the surface membrane, however, is not the only mechanism of calcium dysregulation by Aβ at the presynaptic terminals. When in excess, both monomers and oligomers modulate biophysical properties of voltage-activated calcium 5 alpha reductase inhibitor as well as calcium release from t

• An unbiased evaluation of hepatic mRNA was performed

  2023-09-25

  

  An unbiased evaluation of hepatic mRNA was performed to assess the impact of hepatocyte AMPK activation on the transcriptome. The expression of 913 genes were altered in control mice after chronic PF-06409577 treatment, 188 genes were affected by knocking out AMPK in hepatocytes, and expression of 2

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