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In Solloway and colleagues reported that mice with alpha cel
2022-02-08

In 2015, Solloway and colleagues reported that mice with alpha cell hyperplasia due to inactive hepatic glucagon receptor signaling may most likely be caused by amino IPA-3 dependent mechanisms [11]. The authors then showed these adaptations are regulated by ‘mechanistic target of rapamycin’ (mTOR)
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Both preclinical and clinical studies have identified a dist
2022-02-08

Both preclinical and clinical studies have identified a distributed set of CNS nuclei that participate in cognitive control of feeding behavior. Preclinical studies that utilize restricted access feeding schedules (RFS) indicate that rodents learn to anticipate delivery of scheduled meals as indicat
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Based on the collective experience to date it is likely
2022-02-08

Based on the collective experience to date, it is likely that a much more comprehensive assessment of GSI selectivity for inhibition of multiple substrates, as well as biomarkers to track inhibition of non-APP substrates in vivo will be needed to support future efforts to develop substrate selective
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br Materials Aspergillus oryzae GS U mg
2022-02-08

Materials Aspergillus oryzae βGS (8.4 U mg−1 solid) was obtained from Sigma-Aldrich Chemicals Co. (USA). o-Nitrophenyl β-d-galactopyranoside (ONPG), sodium carbonate, zinc chloride, manganese chloride, calcium chloride and potassium chloride were procured from Sisco Research Laboratories (SRL), M
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br The bile acid farnesoid X receptor FXR
2022-02-08

The “bile acid” farnesoid X receptor (FXR) The Farnesoid X Receptor (FXR) is a ligand-activated nuclear receptor belonging to the Nuclear Receptor superfamily of transcription factors exploiting various crucial functions in mammalian physiology, including reproduction, development and metabolism
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br Results and discussion Computer modelling studies
2022-02-08

Results and discussion Computer modelling studies suggested that the endocyclic oxygens in furocoumarin derivatives, such as dehydrogenase 3a (Fig. 1), could also coordinate metal ions in the HIV-1 IN enzyme active site and inhibit the integration of viral DNA. The coumarin moiety is found in var
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The central region of Azalanstat can be substituted with
2022-02-08

The central region of Azalanstat can be substituted with connecting alkyl chains of different nature and length. Interesting results were given by compounds with a four or five Fosmidomycin sodium salt sale chain, incorporating heteroatoms, such as oxygen (Fig. 2, compound 4) or sulfur, and differen
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Assays can perform differently by genotype and
2022-02-08

Assays can perform differently by Pleuromutilin and under-quantification of HCV GTs has been seen with HCV assays [8], [9], [10], [11]. Under-quantification of GT4 has been reported in some early studies of the VERIS Assay [7], [12] where a bias greater than −0.5 log10IU/mL was seen. In two more re
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Furthermore we also found that both
2022-02-08

Furthermore, we also found that both activation of oncogenes and inactivation of tumor suppressor genes occurred in HBV oval cells, which showed opposite pattern in HBV hepatocytes. These genes might take part in neoplastic transformation of oval cells induced by HBV regarding the multipotent role o
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br Materials and methods br Results As expected
2022-02-08

Materials and methods Results As expected, due to matching by age, the mean ages were similar for the two groups of children when stratified by ASD status; children with an ASD had a mean age of 67.0 months, while the mean age for children in the TD control group was 68.0 months. Nearly all of
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In conclusion this is the first description of a GPR
2022-02-08

In conclusion, this is the first description of a GPR81 agonist with an ability to exert in vivo efficacy without causing flushing. These results demonstrate that GPR81 small-molecule agonists may be effective for treating dyslipidemia. In addition, targeting GPR81 could prevent the unwanted side ef
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br Introduction The mammalian skin forms the largest
2022-02-07

Introduction The mammalian skin forms the largest organ of the body and includes a network of cutaneous nerves, cells of the immune system, and mediators of the neuro-endocrine axis (Theoharides et al., 2016). Analogous to the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, neuropeptides and their receptors
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The effect of GC on Fgf was not directly
2022-02-07

The effect of GC on Fgf21 was not directly dependent on ileal Fgf15 because basal Fgf21 cudc was similar in Fgf15+/+ and Fgf15−/− mice. Moreover, GC treatment induced similar Fgf21 up-regulation in both strains. Fxr activation has been reported to increase Fgf21 expression and secretion [28]. In mi
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br Transportation from TGN toward
2022-02-05

Transportation from TGN toward plasma membrane The insulin molecules are packaged along with other molecules such as C-peptides, amylin, Zn2+, ATP and GABA in synaptic-like macrovesicles (SLMVs, with the diameters of 50–100 nm) and large dense core vesicles (LDCVs, with the diameters of 200–500 n
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The biochemical cell culture activities and properties of bi
2022-02-05

The biochemical, cell culture activities and properties of bicyclic carboxamides are compiled in , with the prototype of the series, 4-fluorobenzyl carboxamide , displaying an antiviral profile comparable to the spirocyclic carboxamide . The introduction of a small hydrophobic methyl () and chlori
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