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Although oxidative stress induces a decrease in intracellula
2021-11-12

Although oxidative stress induces a decrease in intracellular ATP level, the underlying mechanism is obscured. We hypothesized that oxidative stress induced by H2O2 could decrease astrocytes ATP level through lysosome exocytosis in Ca2+-dependent pattern. In present study, using H2O2 stimulation to
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Bile acids synthesized in the
2021-11-12

Bile acids synthesized in the liver are secreted into the intestinal tract to facilitate the digestion and ro5 synthesis of nutrients. Most bile acids are reabsorbed by the ileum and are transported back to the liver via the portal blood circulation. Recently, bile acids have also been considered a
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scr 11 In vitro studies suggest that the increase in Hx
2021-11-12

In vitro studies suggest that the increase in Hx activity seen in normal pregnancy may contribute to the down-regulation of the vascular expression of Angiotensin II receptor 1 thereby promoting a relaxed and dilated maternal vascular bed [25]. It has further been suggested that the decreased Hx act
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br Materials and methods br Results br
2021-11-12

Materials and methods Results Discussion Myocardium reperfusion injury contributes almost half of myocardial infarct size in myocardial infarction patients, and infarct size is closely correlated with the probability of developing sodium fluoride failure [1]. Despite this knowledge, myoca
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Ikaros utilizes chromatin remodeling to activate or
2021-11-11

Ikaros utilizes Ketorolac tromethamine salt remodeling to activate or repress the transcription of its target genes (Su et al., 2004). Ikaros directly associates with histone deacetylases HDAC1 and HDAC2 and can recruit them to the upstream regulatory elements of its target genes (Kim et al., 1999
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br Ketone body metabolism and
2021-11-11

Ketone body metabolism and neuronal excitability One of the best examples of the close connection between metabolism and neuronal excitability is illustrated by the effect of ketone bodies on epileptic seizures. One third of patients suffering from epileptic seizures do not respond to conventiona
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Human GPR hGPR was originally isolated in as
2021-11-11

Human GPR55 (hGPR55) was originally isolated in 1999 as an orphan GPCR with high levels of expression in human striatum (Sawzdargo et al., 1999) (Genbank accession # NM_005683.3). hGPR55 was mapped to human chromosome 2q37, and in the human CNS it is predominantly localized to the caudate, putamen,
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br Materials and methods br Acknowledgements
2021-11-11

Materials and methods Acknowledgements The following reagents were obtained through the NIH AIDS Reagent Program, Division of AIDS, NIAID, NIH: SIVagm155-4 from Dr. Vanessa Hirsch and Dr. Philip Johnson; Anti-SIVmac251 Polyclonal; SIVagm tan-1 infectious molecular SP2509 from Drs. Marcelo Soa
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br Materials and methods br
2021-11-11

Materials and methods Results Discussion In nerve terminals, Na+-dependent glutamate transporters of the plasma membrane are responsible for the maintenance of low (non-toxic) extracellular glutamate concentrations and accomplish uptake of glutamate into the LY2584702 of neurons and glial
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The biological actions of ghrelin are mainly due to
2021-11-11

The biological actions of ghrelin are mainly due to its interaction with GHSR-1a (Howard et al., 1996). The pharmacological properties of D-Lys3-GHRP-6, a selective antagonist of GHSR-1a, have been extensively studied (Beck et al., 2004, Benso et al., 2007, Sibilia et al., 2006). To study the recept
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br Presenilins and apoptosis Apoptosis also known as
2021-11-11

Presenilins and apoptosis Apoptosis, also known as programmed cell death, has a critically important role in tissue homeostasis, development, normal ageing and the pathogenesis of several diseases, including cancer and neurological disorders. The presenilins were first linked to apoptosis when ce
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We next determined the selectivity profile
2021-11-11

We next determined the selectivity profile of the most potent GPR40 agonists (4k–n) against other free fatty PCI32765 receptors (FFA3/GPR41, FFA2/GPR43 and FFA4/GPR120). FFA2 and FFA3 agonists have a preference in binding short-chain fatty acids while FFA1 and FFA4 have a higher affinity to medium-
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br Acute host defense Inflammation the host response to infe
2021-11-11

Acute host defense Inflammation, the host response to infection and tissue injury, is crucial for survival and restoration of tissue structure and function. This acute response is mediated and governed by a variety of pro-inflammatory circuits to ensure recognition of invading pathogens, coordina
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6-Hydroxydopamine hydrobromide receptor This excellent toler
2021-11-11

This excellent tolerability is especially interesting in the light of the fact that intravenous administration of liposomal ponatinib was predicted to yield much higher plasma concentrations as compared to the orally administered free drug. In addition, liposomal drug dose in absolute numbers was te
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br Materials and methods This is
2021-11-11

Materials and methods This is a retrospective case-controlled study. The cases were selected based on the presence or absence of preeclampsia. Women enrolled in the study delivered singleton pregnancies at our institution from June 2003 to July 2004. Preeclampsia is defined as elevated blood pres
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